IB ESS HL 4.3.2 Human Aquatic Food Consumption Question Bank
Analyse demand for aquatic food and its ecological consequences.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Exam points
- identify the aquatic-system process or pollution indicator
- apply the relevant conservation, quality or management model
- evaluate ecological and human trade-offs from evidence
4.3.2—Human aquatic food consumption question 1
[Maximum number: 1]
Fact file on the Coral Triangle
The Coral Triangle is about 6 million km² in South-east Asia and is the most biodiverse marine ecosystem in the world.
Its habitats include coral reefs, seagrass beds and mangroves; it provides ecosystem goods and services and supports the livelihoods of over 120 million people.
It provides an important spawning area for the world's largest tuna fishery; capture fisheries were valued at US$9.9 billion in 2014, and income is also generated through recreation and tourism.
Outline one advantage for local populations within the Coral Triangle in harvesting their food from:
Outline one advantage for local populations within the Coral Triangle in harvesting their food from the marine system.
it does not occupy land (needed for population / housing / wilderness area) / less deforestation; fewer resources/inputs required / it is cheap/free (if harvested themselves); there is natural income available (if harvested sustainably)/annual yield from natural capital;
it satisfies cultural preferences;
diverse range of species/food available (within Coral Triangle); high in nutrients/protein/essential minerals such as iodine; weather events (droughts/floods/hurricanes) are less likely to destroy food sources;
Marking guidance:
Accept other reasonable responses.
Do not accept "more carbon stored / improves water quality".
Do not accept only "provides source of fish/shellfish/profit / rarity of fish / high value of fish / is a healthier food supply / biodiverse ecosystem / easy accessible / no transport cost / is replenishable / increase in diversity of species".
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