IB ESS HL 4.2.3 Water Supply Increase Needs Questions

Evaluate when population, industry or agriculture create pressure to increase supply.

Exam points

explain how population growth, agriculture, industry and domestic demand increase pressure on water resources
use data and calculations to quantify water demand and link increasing extraction or pollution to scarcity, conflict and ecosystem impacts
evaluate water-supply pressures by weighing resource availability, sustainability, pollution and competing human and environmental needs

[Maximum number: 3]

Figure:Water transfers and transformations after rainfall in forest and urban environments

Figure:Global water demand by sector for 2014 and projections for 2025 and 2040

(a)

Calculate the percentage of water projected to be used for agriculture in 2025, shown in Figure 2(b).

[ 1 ]

$\frac{2500}{4250}\times100=58.8\%$ , or 59%.

(b)

Outline two reasons why water demand shown in Figure 2(b) is projected to increase globally from 2014–2040.

[ 2 ]

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