IB ESS HL 4.2.3 Water-Supply Increase Needs Question Bank
Evaluate when population, industry or agriculture create pressure to increase supply.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Evaluate when population, industry or agriculture create pressure to increase supply.

Figure:Water transfers and transformations after rainfall in forest and urban environments

Figure:Global water demand by sector for 2014 and projections for 2025 and 2040
Calculate the percentage of water projected to be used for agriculture in 2025, shown in Figure: Global water demand by sector for 2014 and projections for 2025 and 2040.
42502500×100=58.8%/59%;
Outline two reasons why water demand shown in Figure: Global water demand by sector for 2014 and projections for 2025 and 2040 is projected to increase globally from 2014-2040.
a. increased population increases demands for drinking/food production ;
b. greater demand for meat/water-intensive food items would increase irrigation;
c. drier climate (due to climate change) would increase water requirements for irrigation/watering lawns/drinking;
d. increased urbanization usually entails increased water demand (street cleaning, watering parks and artificial green areas, losses due to water transfer);
e. rising standard of living increases per capita water usage (bathing, pools, washing machines, watering lawns, cleaning paved surfaces);
Note: Do not accept reasons resulting in increased water usage for industries and energy generation, as these sections remain stable in figure; only credit reasons that, at least implicitly, link to increased domestic or agricultural water usage.