3.1 Proton transfer reactions

• Acid = proton donor

• Base = proton acceptor

• Deduce acid and base in a reaction; distinguish base and alkali

• Differ by one proton

• Deduce conjugate acid/base formulas

• Can act as both acid and base

• Write equations showing acid and base behaviour

• pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]

• [H⁺] = 10⁻ᵖᴴ

• Calculate pH and [H+]; include universal indicator and pH probe use

• Kw = [H⁺][OH⁻]

• Acidic: [H⁺] > [OH⁻]

• Neutral: [H⁺] = [OH⁻]

• Basic: [H⁺] < [OH⁻]

• Recognize acidic, neutral, and basic solutions from [H+] and [OH-]

• Differ in extent of ionization

• Equilibrium favors weaker conjugate

• Distinguish strong/weak from concentrated/dilute

• Acid + metal oxide/hydroxide/carbonate/hydrogencarbonate

• Formulate equations and identify parent acids/bases of salts

• Strong acid-strong base titrations

• Characteristic shapes

• Sketch and interpret intercept and equivalence point for monoprotic titrations