Compare in situ measures such as protected areas, corridors and active management with ex situ zoos, captive breeding, seed banks and tissue banks.
The tundra ecosystem in Finnish Lapland has a short growing season and a mean temperature of . It is also naturally grazed by herbivores such as reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Different quadrats were set up to include and exclude the reindeer in both normal and warmed temperatures. Open-topped warming chambers were used to heat both the soil and air in the warmed quadrats. The graph shows the changes in plant richness over five years.
Suggest how the results of this experiment can be used in the planning of in situ conservation programmes for tundra plant species.