17. Oscillations
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17.1 Simple harmonic oscillations
17.1.1The terms displacement, amplitude, period, frequency, angular frequency and
• understand and use the terms displacement, amplitude, period, frequency, angular frequency and phase difference in the context of oscillations, and express the period • In terms of both frequency and angular frequency
17.1.2Simple harmonic motion occurs when acceleration is proportional to
• understand that simple harmonic motion occurs when acceleration is proportional to displacement from a fixed point and in the opposite direction
17.1.3A = –ω2x and recall and use, as a solution to this equation, x = x0 sin ωt
• use a = –ω2x and recall and use, as a solution to this equation, x = x0 sin ωt
17.1.4The equations v = v0 cos ωt and v = ± ω ()xx0 22−
• use the equations v = v0 cos ωt and v = ± ω ()xx0 22−
17.1.5Graphical representations of the variations of displacement, velocity and
• analyse and interpret graphical representations of the variations of displacement, velocity and acceleration for simple harmonic motion
17.2 Energy in simple harmonic motion
• describe the interchange between kinetic and potential energy during simple harmonic motion
• recall and use E = 1/2 mω2x0 2 for the total energy of a system undergoing simple harmonic motion
17.3 Damped and forced oscillations, resonance
• understand that a resistive force acting on an oscillating system causes damping
• understand and use the terms light, critical and heavy damping and sketch displacement–time graphs illustrating these types of damping
• understand that resonance involves a maximum amplitude of oscillations and that this occurs when an oscillating system is forced to oscillate at its natural frequency