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CAIE A-Level Biology 12.1.4 Energy Values of Respiratory Substrates

Practise comparing energy per gram for carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, then link lipid's greater reduction and C–H bond content to more reduced coenzymes and ATP.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Biology 9700
Level
A2

Exam points

  • compare approximate energy values per gram for carbohydrate, lipid and protein
  • link lipid’s many carbon–hydrogen bonds with more reduced NAD and FAD production
  • connect additional electron transfer with a larger proton gradient and greater ATP yield

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