Question 2
Question 2(c)
(a)
Titin is the longest protein in the human body, consisting of a single strand of over 34000 amino acids.
[ 2 ]
Question 2(c)(ii)
(i)
Explain the role of titin in sarcomeres.
[ 2 ]
IB Biology HL B3.3 Muscle and motility [HL only] Question Bank
B3.3 Muscle and motility [HL only]
- B3.3.1 (HL)—Movement adaptations
- B3.3.2 (HL)—Sliding filament model
- B3.3.3 (HL)—Titin and antagonistic muscles
- B3.3.4 (HL)—Motor units
- B3.3.5 (HL)—Skeletons as anchorage and levers
- B3.3.6 (HL)—Synovial joint movement
- B3.3.7 (HL)—Range of motion
- B3.3.8 (HL)—Intercostal muscles
- B3.3.9 (HL)—Reasons for locomotion
- B3.3.10 (HL)—Swimming adaptations in marine mammals
Question 3
Question 3(b)
(a)
The electron micrographs show sections of muscle fibre in two different states.
I
II
[ 3 ]
Question 3(b)(i)
(i)
Label a sarcomere on electron micrograph I.
[ 1 ]
Question 3(b)(ii)
(ii)
Deduce what events occur in muscle fibres to change them from the state shown in electron micrograph I to the state shown in electron micrograph II.
[ 2 ]
Question 3
[Maximum number: 1]
(a) (i) Label the structures indicated on the X-ray of a human elbow.
Question 3(a)
Question 3(a)(ii)
(a)
(i)
State the role of tendons.
[ 1 ]
Question 3
Question 3(b)
(a)
Explain the function of actin and myosin in the sarcomeres of muscle fibres.
[ 3 ]
Question 3(c)
(b)
Explain the role of the protein titin in muscle relaxation.
[ 2 ]
Question 5
Question 5(c)
(a)
Actin and myosin are two proteins found in muscles. Explain how skeletal muscle contracts, including the interaction of these proteins.
[ 8 ]
Question 23
[Maximum number: 1]
What is a role of one of the structures at a synovial joint such as the hip?
A
Ligaments attach muscle to bone.
B
Tendons transmit force of contraction to bone.
C
Cartilage holds bones together at the joint.
D
Muscles stretch and contract to move bones.
Question 23
[Maximum number: 1]
A titinopathy is a muscle disorder caused by titin abnormalities. What could be a consequence of abnormal titin in muscles?
A
Muscles would detach from tendons.
B
Muscles would stretch too much during relaxation.
C
Muscles would have less ATP for contraction.
D
Antagonistic muscles would contract the same time.
Question 24
[Maximum number: 1]
What happens when an action potential reaches motor end plates?
A
Calcium ions are absorbed by the muscle fibres.
B
The sarcomeres relax.
C
Neurotransmitter is released.
D
Action potential is passed to the neuron.
Question 25
[Maximum number: 1]
The diagram shows a contracted sarcomere. Which part will vary in length in response to relaxation of a muscle?
Question 25
[Maximum number: 1]
What is the difference between movement of the knee joint and hip joint?
A
The knee only allows flexion whereas the hip allows flexion and extension.
B
The knee allows more rotation than the hip.
C
The knee is used to walk forwards whereas the hip is used for running around corners.
D
The knee allows movement in one plane whereas the hip allows movement in three planes.