(h) Transport
- Syllabus
- 2024
- Topic
- —
- Level
- —
2.51 Diffusion in unicellular organisms
Understand why simple, unicellular organisms can rely on diffusion for movement of substances in and out of the cell.
2.52 Transport systems
Understand the need for a transport system in multicellular organisms.
2.53 Phloem transport
Describe the role of phloem in transporting sucrose and amino acids between the leaves and other parts of the plant.
2.54 Xylem transport
Describe the role of xylem in transporting water and mineral ions from the roots to other parts of the plant.
2.55B Water absorption by root hair cells
Understand how water is absorbed by root hair cells.
2.56B Transpiration
Understand that transpiration is the evaporation of water from the surface of a plant.
2.57B Factors affecting transpiration rate
Understand how the rate of transpiration is affected by changes in humidity, wind speed, temperature and light intensity.
2.58B Transpiration practical
Practical: investigate the role of environmental factors in determining the rate of transpiration from a leafy shoot.
2.59 Blood composition
Describe the composition of the blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma.
2.60 Transport by blood plasma
Understand the role of plasma in the transport of carbon dioxide, digested food, urea, hormones and heat energy.
2.61 Red blood cell adaptations
Understand how adaptations of red blood cells make them suitable for the transport of oxygen, including shape, the absence of a nucleus and the presence of haemoglobin.
2.62 Immune response to disease
Understand how the immune system responds to disease using white blood cells, illustrated by phagocytes ingesting pathogens and lymphocytes releasing antibodies specific to the pathogen.
2.63B Vaccination and memory cells
Understand how vaccination results in the manufacture of memory cells, which enable future antibody production to the pathogen to occur sooner, faster and in greater quantity.
2.64B Blood clotting
Understand how platelets are involved in blood clotting, which prevents blood loss and the entry of micro-organisms.
2.65 The heart and how it functions
Describe the structure of the heart and how it functions.
2.66 Heart rate changes
Explain how the heart rate changes during exercise and under the influence of adrenaline.
2.67 Coronary heart disease risk factors
Understand how factors may increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease.
2.68 Arteries, veins and capillaries
Understand how the structure of arteries, veins and capillaries relate to their function.
2.69 Circulatory system structure
Understand the general structure of the circulation system, including the blood vessels to and from the heart and lungs, liver and kidneys.
Objective notes
19 learning objectives255B Water absorption by root hair cellsUnderstand how water is absorbed by root hair cells.View256B TranspirationUnderstand that transpiration is the evaporation of water from the surface of a plant.View257B Factors affecting transpiration rateUnderstand how the rate of transpiration is affected by changes in humidity, wind speed, temperature and light intensity.View258B Transpiration practicalPractical: investigate the role of environmental factors in determining the rate of transpiration from a leafy shoot.View263B Vaccination and memory cellsUnderstand how vaccination results in the manufacture of memory cells, which enable future antibody production to the pathogen to occur sooner, faster and in greater quantity.View264B Blood clottingUnderstand how platelets are involved in blood clotting, which prevents blood loss and the entry of micro-organisms.View
ConceptIGCSE Biology