Which statement about the structure of an atom is correct?
It contains positively charged particles only.
It contains negatively charged particles only.
It contains no charged particles.
It contains positively charged particles and negatively charged particles.
D
A magnesium ion has a double positive charge and a chloride ion has a single negative charge.
Which statement is correct?
A chlorine atom gains an electron to form the chloride ion.
A chlorine atom loses a proton to form the chloride ion.
A magnesium atom loses an electron to form the magnesium ion.
A magnesium atom gains two electrons to form the magnesium ion.
A
An experiment directs alpha particles at a very thin sheet of gold foil.
Most of the alpha particles pass through the thin foil in a straight line.
State the conclusion about atoms from this observation.
most of the atom is empty space
Some of the alpha particles are deflected through angles less than 90∘ and a few are deflected through 180∘.
State and explain two conclusions about the nuclei of atoms from this observation.
conclusion 1
explanation 1
conclusion 2
explanation 2
any two from:
1 the nucleus is very small
2 mass of gold nucleus is much greater than mass of alpha particle
3 the nucleus is positively charged
corresponding explanation to conclusion:
1 not many alpha particles pass close to the nucleus / owtte
2 large force between alpha and nucleus (has bigger effect on small mass of alpha)
3 alpha particles are positively charged, AND force is repulsive