CAIE IGCSE Chemistry Acid and Base Proton Transfer

Practise defining acids and bases through proton transfer and completing equations that show donation to water or proton acceptance by ammonia-like bases.

Exam points

define an acid as a proton donor and identify the species that transfers H⁺
define a base as a proton acceptor and identify the species that receives H⁺
complete proton-transfer equations with the correct conjugate ion and charge

[Maximum number: 1]

Ethanol is manufactured by two methods:
method 1 fermentation of aqueous glucose
method 2 catalytic addition of steam to an alkene.

The catalyst in method 2 is phosphoric acid, $\mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{PO}_{4}$ . Dilute phosphoric acid is a weak acid which contains phosphate ions, $\mathrm{PO}_{4}{ }^{3-}$ .

State what is meant by the term acid.

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7.1.9—Acids as proton donors and bases as question 1