CAIE IGCSE Chemistry 7.1 The Characteristic Properties of Acids and Bases Topic Practice

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Covered syllabus points

7.1.1—Characteristic properties of acids in7.1.2—Acids in terms of their effect on: (a)7.1.3—Bases are oxides or hydroxides of7.1.4—Characteristic properties of bases in7.1.5—Alkalis in terms of their effect on7.1.6—Aqueous solutions of acids contain H+7.1.7—To compare hydrogen ion concentration7.1.8—Neutralisation reaction between an7.1.9—Acids as proton donors and bases as7.1.10—Strong acid as an acid that is7.1.11—Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, as7.1.12—Ethanoic acid is a weak acid, as shown

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Which statement about aqueous weak acids is correct?

A

Weak acids are always dilute aqueous solutions.

B

Weak acids dissociate fully in aqueous solution.

C

When a weak acid is added to blue litmus paper, it stays blue.

D

When a weak acid is added to solid magnesium, effervescence is seen.

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

What is the colour of thymolphthalein in dilute hydrochloric acid?

A

blue

B

red

C

yellow

D

colourless

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

Which row describes the reactions of magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide?

effect of heat on hydroxide

effect of heating oxide with carbon

forms magnesium oxide

magnesium and carbon dioxide formed

forms magnesium oxide

no reaction

no reaction

magnesium and carbon dioxide formed

no reaction

no reaction

Question 4

[Maximum number: 1]

Ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3\mathrm{NH}_{4} \mathrm{NO}_{3}, is a fertiliser and is added to fields to help crops grow.
Slaked lime, Ca(OH)2\mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}, is an alkali and is added to fields to reduce the acidity of the soil.
Ammonium nitrate and slaked lime should not be added to a field at the same time because they react with each other to form a gas, Z.

What is Z ?

A

ammonia

B

hydrogen

C

nitrogen

D

oxygen

Question 5

[Maximum number: 1]

Solid sodium hydroxide is a base which dissolves to form an aqueous solution, NaOH(aq).

State the colour of thymolphthalein in NaOH(aq).

Question 6

[Maximum number: 1]

Burning fossil fuels releases sulfur dioxide which leads to acid rain.
Which ion in the rain water causes it to be acidic?

A

H+\mathrm{H}^{+}

B

OH−\mathrm{OH}^{-}

C

O2−\mathrm{O}^{2-}

D

SO42−\mathrm{SO}_{4}{ }^{2-}

Question 7

[Maximum number: 1]

Which statements about aqueous ethanoic acid are correct?

1 It contains the functional group -COOH .
2 It reacts with carbonates to produce hydrogen.
3 It turns universal indicator paper blue.
4 It has a pH lower than pH 7.

A

1 and 2

B

1 and 3

C

1 and 4

D

2 and 4

Question 8

[Maximum number: 1]

When an acid is added to an alkali, the temperature of the reaction mixture rises.
Which words describe this reaction?

A

decomposition and endothermic

B

decomposition and exothermic

C

neutralisation and endothermic

D

neutralisation and exothermic

Question 9

[Maximum number: 1]

Ethanoic acid reacts with water to produce an acidic solution.
Which row describes the roles of ethanoic acid and water in this reaction?

ethanoic acid

water

accepts a proton

donates a proton

accepts an electron

donates an electron

donates a proton

accepts a proton

donates an electron

accepts an electron

Question 10

[Maximum number: 1]

Two acids, P and Q, with the same concentration and volume are reacted separately with the same mass of magnesium ribbon.

The reactions produce the same total volume of hydrogen gas but acid Q reacts much more slowly than acid P.

Which explanation for the difference between P and Q is correct?

A

Acid P has a higher pH than acid Q.

B

Acid P has a lower concentration of hydrogen ions.

C

Acid Q is partially dissociated and acid P is fully dissociated.

D

Acid Q is a proton acceptor.

Question 11

[Maximum number: 1]

The symbols of the elements of Period 3 of the Periodic Table are shown.

Table for Question 11 — CAIE IGCSE Chemistry

Answer the following questions about these elements.
Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.
Write the symbol of an element which:

forms a binary compound with hydrogen that is a strong acid.

Question 12

[Maximum number: 1]

Which equation represents a solution of ethanoic acid in water?

A

HCOOH(aq)⇌HCOO−(aq)+H+(aq)\mathrm{HCOOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HCOO}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})

B

HCOOH(aq)→HCOO−(aq)+H+(aq)\mathrm{HCOOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCOO}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})

C

CH3COOH(aq)⇌CH3COO−(aq)+H+(aq)\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COO}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})

D

CH3COOH(aq)→CH3COO−(aq)+H+(aq)\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}(\mathrm{aq}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COO}^{-}(\mathrm{aq})+\mathrm{H}^{+}(\mathrm{aq})

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