3.3.1 Product • the importance of brand image • the role of packaging • advantages and disadvantages of developing new products • the main stages of the product life cycle: introduction, growth, maturity, decline • interpret a product life cycle diagram • extension strategies a business could use: new markets, new uses for a product, adapting the product or packaging, increased advertising / sales promotion • advantages and disadvantages of different extension strategies • recommend and justify an extension strategy to use in a given situation View 3.3.2 Price • pricing methods: cost-plus, competitive, penetration, skimming, dynamic • advantages and disadvantages of different pricing methods • recommend and justify an appropriate pricing method for a given situation View 3.3.3 Place • advantages and disadvantages of different distribution channels: direct to customers, through retailers, wholesalers, agents • recommend and justify an appropriate distribution channel for a given situation View 3.3.4 Promotion • reasons for promotion • methods of sales promotion, e.g. vouchers, reward schemes, competitions, special offers / discounts • methods of advertising, e.g. social media, direct/targeted emails, leaflets, billboards • recommend and justify which method of sales promotion to use in a given situation • recommend and justify which method of advertising to use in a given situation View 3.3.5 Ecommerce • examples of ecommerce, e.g. mobile phone / internet banking, online shopping, online ticketing • advantages and disadvantages of ecommerce for businesses • advantages and disadvantages of ecommerce for customers View 3.3.6 Marketing strategy • importance of the different elements in the marketing mix • recommend and justify an appropriate marketing mix for a given situation View 3.3.7 Entering new markets in other countries as a method of growth • advantages of entering new markets in other countries, e.g. increase sales, spread risk • disadvantages of entering new markets in other countries, e.g. cultural differences, lack of knowledge, legal requirements View