CourseCourseConceptConceptDocsDocuments

IB ESS HL 6.4.12 Hl Hfcs Questions

Practise IB ESS HL 006.004.012 by applying hfcs concepts to environmental systems questions.

Syllabus
First assessment 2026
Course
ESS HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • identify HFCs as high-global-warming-potential gases and explain why they affect climate despite replacing some ozone-depleting substances
  • explain how the Kigali Amendment uses international cooperation, scientific understanding, technology and finance to phase out HFCs
  • link HFC alternatives and differentiated assistance to climate protection, development needs and environmental governance

Learn this topic

Study 6.4.12 (HL)—HFCs conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB ESS HL 6.4.12 Hl Hfcs Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]
Figure: Comparison of the effects of CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs

Figure:Comparison of the effects of CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs

Figure: HCFCs and HFCs cause less damage than CFCs but still affect the environment

Figure:HCFCs and HFCs cause less damage than CFCs but still affect the environment

The hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, discovered in the 1980s, was caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The Montreal Protocol requires the use of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) or hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) instead of CFCs (Figure: Comparison of the effects of CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs). However, these two gases are also linked to environmental problems (Figure: HCFCs and HFCs cause less damage than CFCs but still affect the environment).

Outline why governments agreed to phase out the use of HFCs from 2019 in the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol.

All question bank results loaded