IB ESS HL 2.5.5 Primary Succession Questions
Identify primary succession on bare substratum and explain how pioneers, weathering and nutrient accumulation develop soil and vegetation.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS HL
- Level
- HL
Exam points
- identify primary succession when community development begins on newly exposed substratum with no pre-existing soil or community
- explain how weathering, pioneer colonisation, nutrient addition, organic-matter accumulation and root stabilization allow soil and vegetation cover to develop on bare substratum
Learn this topic
IB ESS HL 2.5.5 Primary Succession Questions question 1
Figure:Glacier retreat in the Swiss Alps: 1891 and 2019
Figure:Vegetation cover near a glacier
Describe the processes leading to the development of a pioneer community as the glacier retreats, as shown in Figures: Glacier retreat in the Swiss Alps: 1891 and 2019 and Vegetation cover near a glacier.
All question bank results loaded