2.1.24—Biosphere integrity boundary

Biosphere integrity concerns diversity and ecosystem function; extinction rates and population declines indicate pressure beyond a safe planetary boundary.

Use both evolutionary diversity and functional capacity. Boundary crossing signals rising systemic risk, not synchronized collapse of every ecosystem.

Rapid population loss across pollinators can threaten ecosystem function even before every species is extinct.

No; it indicates elevated risk and need for pressure reduction.

A planetary boundary is not a simultaneous-collapse forecast.