IB Chemistry HL 1.3.3 Fossil Fuels Questions

Apply radiation-interaction and coal-impact evidence to explain fossil-fuel environmental effects and evaluate emission-control responses.

Exam points

Explain how greenhouse-gas molecules absorb infrared radiation through bond stretching, bending or a changing dipole moment.
Contrast how carbon dioxide and particulates interact with short-wave sunlight and infrared radiation and infer the effect on surface temperature.
Evaluate ways to reduce fossil-fuel or coal environmental impacts, including sulfur removal, emission control and reducing coal combustion, using the pollutant or source identified.

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Study 1.3.3—Fossil fuels conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

[Maximum number: 2]

Ethanol is a biofuel that can be mixed with gasoline.

Outline the evidence that relates global warming to increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Any two of:

«showing strong» correlation between «atmospheric» $\ce{CO2}$ concentration/greenhouse gas concentration and average «global/surface/ocean» temperature

lab evidence that greenhouse gases/ $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ absorb(s) infrared radiation «advanced» computer modelling

ice core data

tree ring data

ocean sediments / coral reefs / sedimentary rocks data

Marking guidance:

Do not accept "global warming" for "average temperature".

Do not accept "traps/reflects heat" OR "thermal energy".

Evidence must be outlined and connected to data.

Accept references to other valid greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide/ $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ , such as methane/ $\mathrm{CH}_{4}$ or nitrous oxide/ $\mathrm{N}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ .

2 max

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IB Chemistry HL 1.3.3 Fossil Fuels Questions question 1