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IB Biology SL A4.1.4 Evidence From Homologous Structures Questions

Distinguish homologous and analogous structures, explain their evolutionary evidence and interpret pentadactyl-limb examples.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology SL
Level
SL

Exam points

  • Distinguish homologous from analogous structures by comparing evolutionary origin, underlying structure and current function.
  • Explain how homologous structures provide evidence of common ancestry and divergent evolution.
  • Use pentadactyl limbs and other anatomical examples to interpret evolutionary relationships.

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Study A4.1.4—Evidence from homologous structures conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB Biology SL A4.1.4 Evidence From Homologous Structures Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

The Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a critically endangered species that has declined in numbers by 80 % since 2000. It inhabits both forest and grassland, where it uses long, powerful claws to open ant and termite nests and ingests the insects using a long, sticky tongue.

Figure for Question IB Biology SL A4.1.4 Evidence From Homologous Structures Questions question 1 — IB Biology SL

Outline evidence for evolution from the limbs of mammals such as pangolins.

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