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A2.2.14 (HL)—Evolution of multicellularity

Multicellularity evolved repeatedly when cells acquired adhesion, communication, coordination, and differentiation, enabling larger bodies and specialized functions while creating cellular interdependence.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Objective
A2.2.14
Level
HL

Concept essentials

  • Multicellularity evolved independently in several eukaryotic lineages.
  • Cell adhesion and communication are prerequisites for stable multicellular organization.
  • Differentiation enables division of labour among cells.
  • Specialization increases organismal capability while making cells interdependent.
ConceptIB Biology HL