AP Statistics 5.4 A Calculate the Differences Between the Observed and Predicted Values Questions

Calculate a residual by subtracting the predicted response from the observed response and use its absolute size to locate unusual observations.

Exam points

calculate residual as observed minus predicted, or rearrange the relationship to recover an observed value
use absolute residual size and residual-plot coordinates to identify or locate unusual observations

A biologist gathered data on the length, in millimeters (mm), and the mass, in grams (g), for 11 bullfrogs. The data are shown in Plot 1.

Figure for Question AP Statistics 5.4 A Calculate the Differences Between the Observed and Predicted Values Questions question 1 — AP Statistics

From the data, the biologist calculated the least-squares regression line for predicting mass from length. The least-squares regression line is shown in Plot 2.

Official question visual

From Plot 2, consider the residuals of the 11 bullfrogs.

Based on the plot, approximately what is the length and mass of the bullfrog with the largest absolute value residual?

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AP Statistics 5.4 A Calculate the Differences Between the Observed and Predicted Values Questions question 1