6.6.A—Explain how the binding of transcription factors to promoter regions affects gene expression and the phenotype…

Explain how the binding of transcription factors to promoter regions affects gene expression and the phenotype of the organism.

• RNA polymerase and transcription factors bind to promoter or enhancer DNA sequences to initiate transcription. These sequences can be upstream or downstream of the transcription start site.
• Negative regulatory molecules inhibit gene expression by binding to DNA and blocking transcription.