Edexcel IAL Psychology Topic I Psychological Skills

AO2 (2 marks)
Credit up to two marks for accurate description in relation to scenario.
For example:
- Elijah could have prepared specific closed questions to ask the
interviewees about their experiences of flying, such as 'how many
times have you flown?' (1) and also designed open-ended questions
or prompts to encourage interviewees to give more detail about their
experiences of flying, such as 'how do you feel as the plane takes
off?' (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(2)

AO2 (1 mark), AO3 (1 mark)
Credit one mark for identification of strength in relation to scenario (AO2)
Credit one mark for justification of strength (AO3)
For example:
- Qualitative data can give a personal viewpoint of fear of flying such
as a bad flight or seeing a plane crash on television (1) so qualitative
data allows this in depth, more complex detail to be gathered about
individual flying experiences making data more valid (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(2)

AO2 (2 marks)
Credit up to two marks for an accurate suggestion.
For example:
- Elijah could categorise the content of each of the interviewee
responses into common flying themes, such as 'being nervous' (1)
he could then tally the occurrences of each theme in each interview
to compare the data numerically for fear of flying (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(2)

AO2 (1 mark)
Credit one mark for giving an accurate closed question in relation to the
scenario (AO2)
For example;
- How many hours per week do you spend playing violent video
games? Less than 5; Between 5 and 10; More than 10 (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(1)

Credit one mark for accurately identifying the sampling technique from the scenario (AO2)

For example;
\begin{itemize}
\item[-] Opportunity sampling (1).
\end{itemize}

Look for other reasonable marking points.
\end{tabular}

(1)

Credit one mark for a correct completion of column d Credit one mark for a correct completion of column d ${ }^{2}$ Credit one mark for a correct substitution into the equation Credit one mark for a correct answer to three decimal places = 0.643

For example;
\begin{tabular}[t]{|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline Score for
aggression
out of 20

Rank 1

Score for
exposure
to media
violence
out of 20

Rank 2

d

$\boldsymbol{d}^{\mathbf{2}}$

9

4

10

4

0

15

7

13

6

1

14

6

18

8

-2

8

3

5

1

2

19

8

14

7

1

3

1

7

2

-1

11

5

9

3

2

4

2

11

5

-3

Total for \boldsymbol{d^{\boldsymbol{2}}}

\end{tabular}
$$1-\frac{6 \Sigma d^{2}}{n\left(n^{2}-1\right)}=1-\frac{144}{8(64-1)}=1-\frac{144}{504}=1-0.286=\mathbf{0. 7 1 4}$$

Look for other reasonable marking points.
\end{tabular}

(4)

AO2 (2 marks)
Credit up to two marks for an accurate interpretation in relation to the
scenario (AO2).
For example:
- 0.714 shows a positive correlation between exposure to media
violence and aggression (1) which can be considered as a strong
relationship between aggression and media violence as 0.714 is
close to 1 (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(2)

AO2 (1 mark), AO3 (1 mark)
Credit one mark for accurate identification of a weakness in relation to
the scenario (AO2).
Credit one mark for justification/exemplification of the weakness (AO3)
For example;
- Daisy's correlational research only looks at co-variables and
cannot establish cause and effect between exposure to media
violence and aggression (1). The data only indicates a
relationship, not whether one leads to the other, so Daisy cannot
draw conclusions about the impact of media violence on
someone's levels of aggression (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.
Generic answers score 0 marks.

(2)

\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
AO2 (1 mark)

Credit one mark for accurate identification in relation to the scenario.

For example;
\begin{itemize}
\item[-] Whether the man is wearing a business suit or casual clothing (1).
\end{itemize}

Generic answers score 0 marks.

Look for other reasonable marking points.
\end{tabular}

(1)

\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
AO2 (1 mark)

Credit one mark for an accurate statement in relation to the scenario.

For example;
\begin{itemize}
\item[-] Independent groups design (1).
\end{itemize}

Look for other reasonable marking points.
\end{tabular}

(1)

\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
AO2 (1 mark)

Credit one mark for correct calculation of the ratio.

For example;
\begin{itemize}
\item[-] 3:2 (1).
\end{itemize}

Reject all other answers.
\end{tabular}

(1)

AO2 (2 marks)
Credit up to two marks for an accurate description in relation to the
scenario.
For example:
- He would use a bar chart as the data for obeying and disobeying
in each condition is discrete/unrelated data (1) with the x-axis
showing the conditions of obedience and the y-axis showing the
number of participants (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.

(2)

\begin{tabular}[t]{l}
AO2 (4 marks)

Credit one mark for accurate completion of O-E column to two decimal places Credit one mark for accurate completion of (O-E) ${ }^{\mathbf{2}}$ column two decimal places Credit one mark for accurate completion of (O-E) ${ }^{\mathbf{2}}$ /E column to two decimal places Credit one mark for correct chi-squared to two decimal places = 19.46
\begin{tabular}[t]{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline

Observed

Expected

O-E

(O-E) ${ }^{\mathbf{2}}$

(O-E) ${ }^{2} / \mathrm{E}$

Condition
A
Man
wearing a
business
suit.

Obeyed

25

16.50

8.50

72.25

4.38

Disobeyed

5

13.50

-8.50

72.25

5.35

Condition
B
Man
wearing
casual
clothing.

Obeyed

8

16.50

-8.50

72.25

4.38

Disobeyed

22

13.50

8.50

72.25

5.35

Chi-squared =

19.46

\end{tabular}

Look for other reasonable marking points.
\end{tabular}

(2)

AO3 (1 mark)
Credit one mark for correctly using data to justify significance.
For example:
- The calculated value of 19.46 exceeds the critical value of 2.71 so
the difference is significant (1).
Look for other reasonable marking points.

(1)

AO2 (1 mark), AO3 (1 mark)
Credit one mark for accurate identification of an improvement in relation
to the scenario (AO2).
Credit one mark for justification/exemplification of the improvement
(AO3)
For example:
- Sigmund could use a more realistic context than a classroom in a
university, such as a real office (1) as this would be more
reflective of day-to-day obedience when asked to delete laptop
computer contents (1).
Generic answers score 0 marks.
Look for other reasonable marking points.

(2)

\begin{tabular}[t]{|l|l|l|}
\hline