Use this Unit 5 question bank to connect molecular processes with physiological control, experimental evidence and applications across the full specification.
Aerobic respiration is made up of several stages.
Which is the correct order of the stages of respiration required for the complete oxidation of glucose? □ A
Write a balanced equation for the complete oxidation of glucose in aerobic respiration.
The equation shows the aerobic respiration of a lipid.
Which is the respiratory quotient when this lipid is used in aerobic respiration? (1) □ A 0.67 □ B 0.71 □ C 1.06 □ D 1.42
Many predatory animals produce toxins to disable their prey. Some of these toxins inhibit nervous communication.
Nerve impulses are transmitted along axons. Some axons are myelinated.
Which type of cell produces myelin?
neurone
rod cell
Schwann cell
lymphocyte
Which row correctly compares the conduction of an impulse along a myelinated neurone with conduction along a non-myelinated neurone?
□ A
□ B
Describe the role of ion transport in maintaining the resting potential of a neurone.
The pufferfish produces a neurotoxin called tetrodotoxin (TTX).
The graph shows the effect of TTX on the nerve impulse in an axon.
Membrane voltage / mV
Deduce how TTX inhibits nerve impulses in an axon.
Animals use aerobic and anaerobic respiration to produce ATP.
Aerobic respiration has three stages where reactions occur between enzymes and substrates.
Which row of the table shows the location of each stage?
□ A
□ B
□ C
□ D
A student calculated the volume of oxygen used by a cockroach as hour . The same cockroach produced hour of carbon dioxide in the same time.
What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) of this cockroach?
0.7
0.8
1.3
2.2
Hydramethylnon is an insecticide that is used to treat termite infestations.
Hydramethylnon inhibits the electron transport chain.
Which row of the table shows the expected changes caused by hydramethylnon?
*(c) The photograph shows a crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) that lives in saltwater habitats.
An investigation measured the lactate production rate of these crocodiles when they were active.
The graph shows the results of this investigation.
Lactate production rate
Each plotted point on the graph represents a single crocodile.
Discuss the roles of the different types of respiration in these active crocodiles.
Use the information in the graph and your own knowledge to support your answer.
Motility is produced in the ENS through a reflex circuit involving the circular and longitudinal muscles. Nicotinic synapses between interneurons mediate the reflex circuits. When the circuit activates by the presence of a bolus, excitatory neurons in the circular muscle and inhibitory neurons in the longitudinal muscle fire producing a narrow section of bowel proximal to the bolus; this is known as the propulsive segment. Simultaneously, excitatory neurons in the longitudinal muscle and inhibitory neurons in the circular muscle fire producing the "receiving segment" of the bowel in which the bolus will continue. This process repeats with each subsequent section of the bowel.