1.4 Anxiety disorders and fear-related disorders

1.4.1 Diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders and fear-related disorders.

• diagnostic criteria (ICD-11) of anxiety disorders and fear-related disorders:.
• generalised anxiety disorder.
• agoraphobia.
• specific phobia (blood-injection-injury).

This matters because —anxiety criteria determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —anxiety criteria to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Anxiety criteria is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

1.4.2 Explanations of fear-related disorders.

• biological explanation: genetic, including a study, e.g. Öst (1992).
• psychological explanations:.
• behavioural (classical conditioning), including a study, e.g. Watson and Rayner (1920) 'Little Albert'.
• psychodynamic, including a study, e.g. Freud (1909) 'Little Hans'.

This matters because —fear-related explanations determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —fear-related explanations to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Fear-related explanations is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

1.4.3 Treatment and management of anxiety disorders and fear-related disorders.

• behavioural therapy: systematic desensitisation applied to any fear-related disorder.
• psychological therapy (exemplified by the following key study):.
• cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT).
• applied tension focusing on treating blood-injection-injury phobia.

This matters because —anxiety treatments determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —anxiety treatments to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Anxiety treatments is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.