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CAIE A-Level Physics A2 24.1 Production and Use of Ultrasound Questions

Practise analysing ultrasound generation, pulse-echo timing, acoustic impedance, reflection, transmission and attenuation for medical diagnosis.

Exam points

explain piezoelectric generation and detection of ultrasound using crystal deformation and induced e.m.f.
interpret reflected ultrasound timing and intensity to obtain internal-boundary depth and diagnostic information
calculate specific acoustic impedance from Z = ?c
calculate ultrasound intensity reflection or transmission at a boundary
calculate and interpret ultrasound attenuation using I = I?e??x

Covered syllabus points

24.1.1—A piezo-electric crystal changes shape when a p.d. is applied across it and 24.1.2—Ultrasound waves are generated and detected by a piezoelectric transducer 24.1.3—The reflection of pulses of ultrasound at boundaries between tissues can be 24.1.4—The specific acoustic impedance of a medium as Z = ρc 24.1.5—IR / I0 = (Z1 – Z2)2 / (Z1 + Z2)2 for the intensity reflection coefficient 24.1.6—I = I0e–µx for the attenuation of ultrasound in matter

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