CAIE A-Level Biology AS 9.1.5 Airway Secretory and Ciliated Cells Questions
Explain secretory and ciliated cell roles in airway defence using evidence from each question and mark scheme.
- Syllabus
- 2028–2030
- Course
- Biology 9700
- Level
- AS
Exam points
- Explain the roles of secretory and ciliated cells in airway defence.
CAIE A-Level Biology AS 9.1.5 Airway Secretory and Ciliated Cells Questions question 1
[Maximum number: 3]
Control of heartbeat is myogenic. This means the electrical activity controlling the rhythm of a regular heartbeat begins in the heart muscle itself.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an abnormal heart rhythm that causes rapid and irregular contractions of the atria. Untreated cases of AF can lead to a stroke.
Oxygen and carbon dioxide are also exchanged between blood capillaries and alveoli in the lungs.
The gas exchange system has specialised cells to prevent harmful microscopic particles that are present in inhaled air from reaching the alveoli.
These particles are associated with many respiratory diseases.
Explain how specialised cells in the gas exchange system prevent harmful microscopic particles from reaching the alveoli.
any three from:
1 production of mucus by, mucous glands / goblet cells ;
2 mucus (is sticky and) traps particles of dust ;
I pathogens, microbes, bacteria, etc.
3 cilia on ciliated epithelial cells ;
A ciliated epithelium
4 cilia, waft / move, mucus / AW ;
5 idea of mucus with, particles / dust, is moved away from lung tissue ;
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