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P3.8—Conclusions, errors, improvements and extensions

Syllabus
9700–2028–2029
Objective
P3.8
Level
AS

Conclusions and improvements must be specific

A conclusion states what the evidence supports, while an improvement changes a method to reduce a named error or increase confidence.

Distinguish random from systematic error and propose an extension that tests a new, answerable question.

If readings drift because temperature is not stable, use a thermostatically controlled bath and monitor it throughout.

“Repeat more carefully” is not an improvement unless it says what will be changed and why.

ConceptA-Level CAIE Biology AS