1. States of matter

1.1 Solids, liquids and gases

1.2 Diffusion

2. Atoms, elements and compounds

2.1 Elements, compounds and mixtures

2.2 Atomic structure and the Periodic Table

2.3 Isotopes

2.4 Ions and ionic bonds

2.5 Simple molecules and covalent bonds

2.6 Giant covalent structures

2.7 Metallic bonding

3. Stoichiometry

3.1 Formulae

3.2 Relative masses of atoms and molecules

3.3 The mole and the Avogadro constant

4. Electrochemistry

4.1 Electrolysis

4.2 Hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells

5. Chemical energetics

5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions

6. Chemical reactions

6.1 Physical and chemical changes

6.2 Rate of reaction

6.3 Reversible reactions and equilibrium

6.4 Redox

7. Acids, bases and salts

7.1 The characteristic properties of acids and bases

7.2 Oxides

7.3 Preparation of salts

8. The Periodic Table

8.1 Arrangement of elements

8.2 Group I properties

8.3 Group VII properties

8.4 Transition elements

8.5 Noble gases

9. Metals

9.1 Properties of metals

9.2 Uses of metals

9.3 Alloys and their properties

9.4 Reactivity series

9.5 Corrosion of metals

9.6 Extraction of metals

10. Chemistry of the environment

10.1 Water

10.2 Fertilisers

10.3 Air quality and climate

11. Organic chemistry

11.1 Formulae, functional groups and terminology

11.2 Naming organic compounds

11.3 Fuels

11.4 Alkanes

11.5 Alkenes

11.6 Alcohols

11.7 Carboxylic acids

11.8 Polymers

12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis

12.1 Experimental design

12.2 Acid–base titrations

12.3 Chromatography

12.4 Separation and purification

12.5 Identification of ions and gases

IGCSE Chemistry 6.3 Reversible reactions and equilibrium Question Bank

[Maximum number: 1]

Name the process used to:

(a)

produce ammonia from nitrogen

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The following are the symbols and formulae of some elements and compounds.

Answer the following questions using only the elements or compounds in the list. Each element or compound may be used once, more than once or not at all.

State which element or compound is used:

(a)

as a catalyst in the Contact process. [1]
[Total: 6]

[ 1 ]

(a)

The symbols of the elements in Period 2 of the Periodic Table are shown.

Li Be B C N O F Ne

For each of the following, give the symbol of an element from Period 2 which matches the description.

Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.
Which element:

[ 1 ]

(i)

combines with hydrogen to produce ammonia

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Give the name of the process that is used:

(a)

to produce ammonia from nitrogen

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

A list of substances is shown.
> ammonia bauxite carbon dioxide carbon monoxide ethanol hematite oxygen sodium chloride sulfur dioxide

Answer the questions using the list of substances.
Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.
State which substance is:

(a)

produced in the Haber process ..... [1]

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

This question is about the elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

For each of the following, identify a Period 3 element which matches the description. Each element may be used once, more than once or not at all.

State which Period 3 element:

(a)

forms two different oxides during the Contact process

[ 1 ]

(a)

The manufacture of sulfuric acid by the Contact process occurs in four stages.
stage 1 Molten sulfur is burned in air to produce sulfur dioxide gas.
stage 2 Sulfur dioxide is reacted with oxygen to form sulfur trioxide.
stage 3 Sulfur trioxide is combined with concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum, $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$ .
stage 4 Oleum is added to water to form sulfuric acid.

[ 2 ]

(i)

Name the catalyst used in stage 2 and state the temperature used.
catalyst
temperature ${ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Cobalt and copper are transition elements.

(a)

Both copper and cobalt can form coloured compounds. Some of these compounds contain water of crystallisation.

[ 1 ]

(i)

State how this colour change can be reversed.
[Total: 14]

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 4]

Ammonia is manufactured by the Haber process.

(a)

The equation for the reaction is shown.

\mathrm{N}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons 2 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{~g})

[ 2 ]

(i)

State what is meant by the symbol ⇌.

[ 1 ]

(ii)

State one source of hydrogen used in the manufacture of ammonia.

[ 1 ]

(b)

The table shows some data for the production of ammonia.

Deduce the effect on the percentage yield of ammonia of:
- increasing the pressure of the reaction
- increasing the temperature of the reaction.

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Methanol is made by reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen. The reaction is reversible.

\mathrm{CO}(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{OH}(\mathrm{~g})

The forward reaction is exothermic.
Which combination of temperature and pressure gives the highest equilibrium yield of methanol?

temperature

$/{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

pressure

/ atmospheres

200

600

200

0 selected

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1

Question 1(f)

Question 1

Question 1(b)

Question 1(b)(i)

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1

Question 1(f)

Question 2

Question 2(f)

Question 2

Question 2(c)

Question 2(c)(ii)

Question 2

Question 2(c)

Question 2(c)(iv)

Question 2

Question 2(a)

Question 2(a)(i)

Question 2(a)(ii)

Question 2(b)

Question 13