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IB Physics HLS1.1 Experimental techniquesQuestion Bank

S1.1 Experimental techniques

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

A student determines the resistivity ρ\rho of a metal that is in the form of a cylindrical wire. The student makes the following measurements:

 Length L of the wire =(462±2)mm\text { Length } L \text { of the wire }=(462 \pm 2) \mathrm{mm}
Readings for the diameter d of the wire:

Readings for the diameter d of the wire:

 Resistance R of the wire =13.7Ω±1.5%\text { Resistance } R \text { of the wire }=13.7 \Omega \pm 1.5 \%

Question 1(b)

(a)

Suggest suitable instruments for the measurement of

[ 2 ]

Question 1(b)(i)

(i)

L\quad L

[ 1 ]

Question 1(b)(ii)

(ii)

d

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

A group of students is trying to determine the density and the viscosity of a liquid.

To determine the density, they use a balance to read the mass m of a sphere in air and immersed in the liquid.

They use a sphere of volume V=1.827×10−7 m3V=1.827 \times 10^{-7} \mathrm{~m}^{3}.
The readings are mair =1.427 gm_{\text {air }}=1.427 \mathrm{~g} in air and mlmmersed =1.208 gm_{\text {lmmersed }}=1.208 \mathrm{~g} in the liquid.
The readings are different due to buoyancy. The buoyancy force FbF_{\mathrm{b}} is given by

Fb=ρVgF_{\mathrm{b}}=\rho V g

where V is the volume of the sphere and ρ\rho is the density of the liquid.

Question 1(a)

(a)

State the level of precision in the measurement of m.

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

The density of a metal sphere is determined using a digital caliper and a mass balance.

The digital caliper is used to measure the diameter D of the sphere by placing the sphere in the jaws of the digital caliper. This reading is shown.

The sphere is then removed and another reading is taken immediately afterwards with the jaws closed.

Question image
Question image

Question 1(a)

Question 1(a)(i)

(a)
(i)

Calculate D.

[ 1 ]

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows an analogue meter with a mirror behind the pointer.

Question image

What is the main purpose of the mirror?

A

To provide extra light when reading the scale

B

To reduce the risk of parallax error when reading the scale

C

To enable the pointer to be seen from different angles

D

To magnify the image of the pointer

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

A student conducts an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal cube. The cube is heated in a beaker of boiling water to a temperature of 100∘C100^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and then quickly transferred into an insulated vessel of negligible thermal capacity. The vessel contains water at 20∘C20^{\circ} \mathrm{C} and of known specific heat capacity.

Question 2(a)

(a)

State one other measurement that the student will need to make.

[ 1 ]

Question 14

Question 14(c)

(a)

Suggest one reason why doctors use ultrasound rather than X -rays to monitor the development of a fetus.

[ 1 ]

Question 23

[Maximum number: 4]

This question is about the use of radioactive isotopes.

Question 23(a)

(a)

Radiologists working with radioactive sources wear a film badge. Discuss the function of a film badge.

[ 3 ]

Question 23(c)

(b)

One of the side effects of the use of Sr -89 is the reduction of white blood cells in the body, leaving the patient prone to infections. Outline one ethical implication of the choice between using Sr-89 to treat bone cancer and not carrying out treatment.

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