Question 2
Question 2(d)
(a)
Discuss how the second law of thermodynamics applies to the situation of the room cooling down.
[ 2 ]
IB Physics HL B.4 Thermodynamics Question Bank
B.4 Thermodynamics
- B.4.1 (HL)—First law of thermodynamics
- B.4.2 (HL)—Gas work
- B.4.3 (HL)—Internal energy change
- B.4.4 (HL)—Entropy and disorder
- B.4.5 (HL)—Entropy equations
- B.4.6 (HL)—Second law of thermodynamics
- B.4.7 (HL)—Irreversibility
- B.4.8 (HL)—Local entropy decrease
- B.4.9 (HL)—Gas processes
- B.4.10 (HL)—Adiabatic ideal gas
- B.4.11 (HL)—Heat engine cycles
- B.4.12 (HL)—Heat engine efficiency
- B.4.13 (HL)—Carnot efficiency limit
Question 7
In the P-V diagram below, which line could represent an adiabatic change for an ideal gas?
Question 8
[Maximum number: 1]
The entropy of a system
A
will decrease if the system's temperature is increased.
B
is related to the degree of disorder in the system.
C
must always increase.
D
is always conserved.
Question 8
[Maximum number: 1]
An ideal gas undergoes adiabatic expansion from state X to a new state of volume V. During this process the work done by the gas is W. What is the change in internal energy and the work done in an isothermal expansion of this gas from X to V ?
Change in
internal energy
Work done
0
greater than W
0
less than W
greater than 0
less than W
less than 0
same as W
Question 8
[Maximum number: 1]
A fixed mass of gas is compressed in a very short period of time. Which of the following describes this process?
A
Adiabatic
B
Isobaric
C
Isochoric (isovolumetric)
D
Isothermal
Question 8
[Maximum number: 1]
The graph shows the variation of pressure P with volume V of an ideal gas during a thermodynamic cycle.
During which stages is work done on the gas and work done by the gas?
Work done on gas
Work done by gas
only
only
and
only
only
and
only
only
Question 9
[Maximum number: 1]
Which of the following can be deduced from the second law of thermodynamics?
A
Thermal energy cannot spontaneously transfer from a low temperature region to a high temperature region.
B
Thermal energy cannot spontaneously transfer from a high temperature region to a low temperature region.
C
The entropy of an isolated system always decreases with time.
D
The entropy of an isolated system is the measure of the internal energy of the system.
Question 9
[Maximum number: 1]
A fixed mass of an ideal gas undergoes an isochoric (isovolumetric) change. This increases the pressure of the gas. Which describes the change of internal energy of the gas and the direction of transfer of thermal energy?
Internal energy
Direction of transfer
of thermal energy
increase
to the gas
increase
from the gas
decrease
to the gas
decrease
from the gas
Question 9
[Maximum number: 1]
Which of the following statements is consistent with the second law of thermodynamics?
A
Thermal energy can flow by itself from a cold to a hot body.
B
A heat engine can be 100 % efficient.
C
In natural processes, total entropy tends to increase.
D
The entropy in every closed system is constant.
Question 9
[Maximum number: 1]
A piece of ice melts at constant temperature. Which of the following gives the correct change in the entropy of the water molecules and that of the surroundings?
