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Edexcel IGCSE Biology reproduction

Use reproduction evidence from plant and human contexts: compare reproductive methods, interpret diagrams and design germination or pollen investigations.

Syllabus
First assessment 2019
Course
Biology 4BI1

Exam points

  • Compare sexual and asexual reproduction using gametes, fertilisation, parents and variation.
  • Interpret flower or reproductive-system diagrams to locate gametes, fertilisation and seeds.
  • Design seed, pollen or plant-reproduction investigations with controls and measurements.

Covered syllabus points

3.1 Sexual and asexual reproduction3.2 Fertilisation and embryo development3.3 Flower structure and pollination3.4 Pollen tube growth and fertilisation3.5 Seed germination practical3.6 Food reserves in germinating seeds3.7 Asexual reproduction in plants3.8 Human reproductive systems3.9 Oestrogen and progesterone3.10B FSH and LH in the menstrual cycle3.11 Placenta and embryo nutrition3.12 The developing embryo is protected by amniotic fluid3.13 Oestrogen and testosterone roles

(a) Reproduction question 1

[Maximum number: 11]

The diagram shows a flower with some structures labelled.

Figure for Question (a) Reproduction question 1 — Edexcel IGCSE Biology

Question (a)

(a)

Which structure is the style?

A

P

B

Q

C

S

D

T

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Which structure releases pollen?

A

P

B

R

C

T

D

U

[ 1 ]

Question (c)

(c)

On which structure do the pollen grains germinate?

A

P

B

R

C

S

D

U

[ 1 ]

Question (d)

(d)

This flower is insect-pollinated.

Describe how structures P, R and T would be different in a wind-pollinated flower.

P
R
T

[ 3 ]

Question (e)

(e)

Flowering plants can reproduce asexually.

[ 2 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Give an example of a natural method of asexual reproduction in plants.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Give an example of an artificial method of asexual reproduction in plants.

[ 1 ]

Question (f)

(f)

Give three differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.

1

2

3

[ 3 ]

(a) Reproduction question 2

[Maximum number: 9]

The diagram shows the human female reproductive system.

Figure for Question (a) Reproduction question 2 — Edexcel IGCSE Biology

Question (a)

(a)

Which label shows where ovulation occurs?

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Which label shows where fertilisation usually occurs?

[ 1 ]

Question (c)

(c)

The diagram shows the changes in thickness of the uterus lining and levels of two hormones produced by the ovary during a menstrual cycle.

Figure for Question (c) — Edexcel IGCSE Biology
[ 4 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Hormones X and Y are produced by the ovaries.

Name X and Y.

X

Y

[ 2 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Explain the function of hormone X during the menstrual cycle.

[ 2 ]

Question (d)

(d)

The diagram shows a human fetus developing in the uterus.

Figure for Question (d) — Edexcel IGCSE Biology

Explain how the structure of the placenta enables the efficient exchange of substances between the fetus and the mother.

[ 3 ]

(a) Reproduction question 3

[Maximum number: 6]

A species of grass has a diploid chromosome number of 12.

Question (a)

(a)

The diagram shows a flower from the grass plant.

Figure for Question (a) — Edexcel IGCSE Biology

Explain two ways this flower is adapted for wind pollination.
1


2

[ 4 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Grass plants can also be produced by asexual reproduction.

New plants are produced from the roots of a parent plant.

[ 2 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Describe why it is an advantage for commercial growers to produce plants by asexual reproduction.

[ 2 ]
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