CAIE IGCSE Physics 3.4.12 Uses of ultrasound in non- destructive

Practise applying ultrasound to medical scanning, sonar and non-destructive testing, including pulse-echo distance calculations.

Exam points

use echo time and wave speed to calculate depth or distance, halving the round trip
describe a transducer sending and receiving ultrasound pulses from an internal flaw
distinguish ultrasound uses in soft-tissue scans, sonar and testing metal blocks

[Maximum number: 3]

A ship uses pulses of sound to measure the depth of the sea beneath the ship. A sound pulse is transmitted into the sea and the echo from the sea-bed is received after 54 ms . The speed of sound in seawater is $1500 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ .

Calculate the depth of the sea beneath the ship.

depth =

v=( total ) distance/time OR d/t OR 2d/t in any form C1
$\mathrm{d}=1500 \times 0.054 / 2 \mathrm{C1}$
40 m OR 41 m A1
[Total: 7]

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3.4.12—Uses of ultrasound in non- destructive question 1