Practise describing catalytic cracking at high temperature and completing balanced equations that convert long-chain alkanes into shorter alkanes and alkenes.
The chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol, , is shown.
The energy released when one mole of ethanol undergoes complete combustion is 1280 kJ .
Part of the energy level diagram for this reaction is shown.
Dodecane is an alkane containing 12 carbon atoms. Ethanol can be manufactured from dodecane in a two-stage process.
In stage 1, each molecule of dodecane is converted into three molecules of ethene and one molecule of another hydrocarbon.
Name the process which occurs in stage 1.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction which occurs in stage 1.
In stage 2, ethene reacts with steam to produce ethanol.