IB ESS SL 7.1.7 Natural capital value types Question Bank
Practise IB ESS SL/HL 7.1.7 by applying natural capital value types concepts to exam-style environmental systems questions.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS SL
- Level
- SL
Practise IB ESS SL/HL 7.1.7 by applying natural capital value types concepts to exam-style environmental systems questions.
Plans are being discussed to restore a much larger area of the marshes by using a greater amount of water from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

Figure:Valuing ecosystems and willingness to pay to restore marshes
Ecosystems can be valued by placing a monetary value on natural income or by surveying stakeholders about willingness to pay to preserve species or habitats.
Villagers in South Eastern Iraq were asked how much they would be willing to pay to completely restore the marshes; Figuremaps the survey results.
With reference to Figure: Valuing marsh restoration (a) and Figure: Valuing marsh restoration (b) suggest two variables that might influence an individual's willingness to pay to restore the marshes.
wealth/ability to pay/economic status;
value systems / cultural beliefs / environmental world view/paradigm;
quality of individual's environment;
proximity to marshes/location;
level of education/environmental awareness;
immediate personal/economic benefit from the marshes;
level of use of/dependence upon marshes / occupation;