IB ESS SL 3.002.1 Threats to Biodiversity Question Bank
Analyse habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, climate change and other threats to biodiversity.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2026
- Course
- ESS SL
- Level
- SL
Exam points
- identify the conservation issue or strategy
- apply the relevant ecological, ethical or management framework
- evaluate evidence, trade-offs and likely outcomes
3.2.1—Threats to biodiversity question 1
Figure:Photographs showing examples of species found in Brazil
Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia) IUCN Red List status - endangered
Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus) IUCN Red List status - Critically endangered
Giant metallic ceiba borer (Euchroma gigantea) IUCN Red List status - none, has not yet been assessed by the IUCN
Figure:Deforestation in the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado
\section*{Paraná pine trees (Araucaria angustifolia) IUCN Red List status - critically endangered} media/File:Araucaria-caxias-do-sul.jpg, by Ricardo Frantz]
media/File:Golden_lion_tamarin_portrait3.jpg, by Jeroen Kransen]
\section*{Broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) IUCN Red List status - least concern} caiman\#/media/File:Jacare_de_papo_amarelo_zoo.jpg, by Miguelrangeljr]
\section*{Pau brasil (Caesalpinia echinata) IUCN Red List status - endangered} File:ClosedeflordePaubrasil.jpg, by Mauroguanandi]
media/File:Mergus_octosetaceus_2.png, by Prof. Sávio Freire Bruno - http://www.wikiaves.com.br/182433\&t=s\&s=10048]
media/File:Buprestidae_-_Euchroma_gigantea.JPG, by Hectonichus]
the_atlantic_forest/
Cerrado map: http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/footprint/agriculture/soy/soyreport/soy_and_deforestation/the_cerrado/
Figure:Photographs showing examples of species found in Brazil
Parana pine: critically endangered. Golden lion tamarin: endangered. Broad-snouted caiman: least concern. Pau brasil: endangered. Brazilian merganser: critically endangered. Giant metallic ceiba borer: not yet assessed by the IUCN.
Figure:Fact file on human impacts on biodiversity
Only about 10% of the original Atlantic Rainforest and around 20% of the original Cerrado vegetation remain. Losses have resulted from land clearance for crops such as sugar cane, coffee, soy beans and biofuel crops; cattle ranching; forest plantations; urban expansion including Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Brasilia; infrastructure development such as road building; and commercial logging. Organizations support projects to restore forest habitats and encourage sustainable use of natural forest resources.
With reference to the species listed in Figure: Photographs showing examples of species found in Brazil, identify two factors that may have contributed to their status given on the IUCN Red List.
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