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IB ESS SL 3.1.5 Natural Selection Process Questions

Trace variation, selection pressure, differential reproduction and inheritance in a natural-selection example.

Syllabus
First assessment 2026
Course
ESS SL
Level
SL

Exam points

  • explain how inherited variation and environmental selection pressures produce differential survival and reproduction
  • link mutation or genotype variation to adaptation and increasing tolerance of a changed environment
  • use a named example such as zebra stripes to trace variation, selection advantage and inheritance across generations

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Study 3.1.5—Natural selection process conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB ESS SL 3.1.5 Natural Selection Process Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]
Fact file on Mindo cloud forest

Figure:Fact file on Mindo cloud forest

Fact file on Mindo harlequin toad

Figure:Fact file on Mindo harlequin toad

red and falls off.

There is no cure and those infected experience 85−100%\mathbf{8 5 - 1 0 0} \boldsymbol{\%} mortality.

Explain how the disease in the Mindo harlequin toad could contribute to the evolution of resistance to this disease in the species for future generations.

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