4.2.2—Factors affecting water availability

Water access depends on demand, culture, money, infrastructure and political rules—not physical supply alone.

For each factor, trace mechanism to outcome: population changes demand; economic capacity affects pipes and treatment; rules shape allocation and pollution control; cultural practices shape accepted use and stewardship.

Two districts share a river, but one has maintained pipes and affordable treatment while the other relies on distant collection.

Specify the practice, infrastructure and incentive; avoid stereotyping culture as a causal shortcut.

Physical availability and social accessibility are different variables.