IB Economics HL 4.1.2 Absolute and comparative advantage Question Bank
Practise IB Economics HL 4.1.2 by applying absolute and comparative advantage concepts to exam-style questions.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2022
- Course
- Economics HL
- Level
- HL
Practise IB Economics HL 4.1.2 by applying absolute and comparative advantage concepts to exam-style questions.
Country X and Country Y are capable of producing both apples and bananas. Assume a two-country, two-product model.
Country Y has absolute advantage in the production of both apples and bananas, and comparative advantage in the production of bananas.
Sketch and label a diagram to illustrate comparative advantage between Country X and Country Y on Figure 4.

Figure 4
Award [1] for a sketch showing the PPC of Country Y above/further out than for Country X.

Award [1] for a sketch showing the PPC of Country X with a steeper gradient than for Country Y.
NB There is no set position for each of the curves. However, no marks may be awarded unless both curves are downward-sloping.
Outline the reason why Country X should specialize in the production of apples and Country Y should specialize in the production of bananas.
Level
Marks
0
The work does not meet a standard described by the descriptors below.
1
Vague outline.
The idea that Country X should specialize (in apples) because the opportunity cost is lower OR because specialization should increase output OR that this will increase its consumption possibilities.
2
Accurate outline.
The idea that Country X should specialize (in apples) because the opportunity cost is lower AND because specialization should increase output AND/OR that this will increase its consumption possibilities/increase (global) efficiency/may result in lower prices.
Marking guidance:
OFR applies.