3.2 Functional groups: Organic compounds

• Types: empirical, molecular, structural (full/condensed), stereochemical, skeletal

• 3D models

• Interconvert molecular, structural, and skeletal formulas

• Give characteristic properties

• Groups: halogeno, hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, alkoxy, amino, amido, ester, phenyl

• Identify functional groups by name and structure

• Successive members differ by CH₂

• Series: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, halogenoalkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, ethers, amines, amides, esters

• Recognize general formulas and functional group patterns

• Melting and boiling points in homologous series

• Explain trends using chain length, branching, polarity, and IMF

• Systematic naming for organic/inorganic compounds

• Up to 6 carbons, one functional group type

• Apply nomenclature to saturated or mono-unsaturated compounds with one functional group

• Same molecular formula, different connectivities

• Types: branched, straight-chain, position, functional group isomers

• Include primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, halogenoalkanes, and amines