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IB Biology HL A4.1.9 Hl Adaptive Radiation Questions

Explain adaptive radiation from a common ancestor, connect homologous structures to divergent niches, and trace finch beak adaptation using selection evidence.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • Explain how adaptive radiation produces many related species from one ancestor as populations diverge into different ecological niches.
  • Use homologous structures such as pentadactyl limbs and Darwin’s finch beaks as evidence of divergent evolution and adaptive radiation.
  • Explain how variation in finch beak form is selected by different feeding niches and increases adaptive divergence.

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Study A4.1.9 (HL)—Adaptive radiation conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

IB Biology HL A4.1.9 Hl Adaptive Radiation Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

Evolution occurs when heritable characteristics of a species change. The diagram shows an evolutionary chart of elephants.

Figure for Question IB Biology HL A4.1.9 Hl Adaptive Radiation Questions question 1 — IB Biology HL

Charles Darwin observed differences in the beaks of several finch species on the Galapagos Islands.

1. G. magnirostris

1. G. magnirostris

3. G. parvula

3. G. parvula

2. G. fortis

2. G. fortis

4. C. olivacea

4. C. olivacea

Outline the development of beak differences in these finches.

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