IB Biology HL A4.1.9 Adaptive radiation Question Bank
Practise IB Biology HL A4.1.9 by analysing how common ancestors diversify into niche-adapted forms through divergent selection.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Course
- Biology HL
- Level
- HL
Practise IB Biology HL A4.1.9 by analysing how common ancestors diversify into niche-adapted forms through divergent selection.
Evolution occurs when heritable characteristics of a species change. The diagram shows an evolutionary chart of elephants.

Charles Darwin observed differences in the beaks of several finch species on the Galapagos Islands.

1. G. magnirostris

3. G. parvula

2. G. fortis

4. C. olivacea
Outline the development of beak differences in these finches.
a. occurs due to natural selection / adaptive radiation / different selection pressures;
b. variation exists (among members of the same species) due to mutations/meiosis/sexual reproduction;
c. different sized/shaped beaks/variation allow different foods to be eaten/ different beaks adapted for different diets;
d. the best adapted/those with best adapted beaks to get more food survive/have higher chances of survival;
e. (the best adapted) reach reproductive age/reproduce;
f. pass on (advantageous) characteristics/genes/alleles/ (for beak shape) to offsping;
g. (overtime) increased frequency of the best adapted beaks;
Mpb. A reason for variation is expected.
Marking guidance:
Award max 2 points if no reference to beaks and feeding.
3 max