19.6—The reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol

Be able to describe the reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol to form a dye.

Use —the reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —the reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —the reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —The reaction of aromatic amines with nitrous acid to form benzenediazonium ions, followed by a coupling reaction with phenol is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.