Use of key studies and example studies

Use of studies.

• Psychology is an applied subject and teachers are encouraged to illustrate the theory and application of the concepts, theories, evidence and research through the use of studies where appropriate. There are key studies associated with each topic. We have listed the specific aspects of key studies that a candidate will be expected to know and understand. These aspects are listed at the start of each specialist option. It is not necessary for candidates to read the original study but you must provide them with a detailed summary of the key study which must cover all the aspects listed. To aid teaching and ensure candidates can see how psychological research relates to the subject content we have provided some examples of studies which might be useful to you in your teaching. Where we say, 'including a study, e.g.', candidates will not be asked questions which require a specific knowledge of these studies, however candidates should use an example in their responses. Where an example is provided, it does not necessarily cover all the relevant content and you may provide a different example if you know of one which sufficiently covers the subject content using appropriate research methodology. A full reference to all the key studies and example studies can be found in the Reference List for 9990 AS & A Level Psychology, available on the website.

This matters because use of key studies and example studies determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply use of key studies and example studies to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: Use of key studies and example studies is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.