24.2 Production and use of X-rays

explain that X-rays are produced by electron bombardment of a metal target and calculate the minimum wavelength of X-rays produced from the accelerating p.d.

Use —that x-rays are produced by electron bombardment of a metal target and to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —that x-rays are produced by electron bombardment of a metal target and determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —that x-rays are produced by electron bombardment of a metal target and to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —That X-rays are produced by electron bombardment of a metal target and is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

understand the use of X-rays in imaging internal body structures, including an understanding of the term contrast in X-ray imaging.

Use —the use of x-rays in imaging internal body structures to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —the use of x-rays in imaging internal body structures determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —the use of x-rays in imaging internal body structures to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —The use of X-rays in imaging internal body structures is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

recall and use I = I0e–µx for the attenuation of X-rays in matter.

Use —i = i0e–µx for the attenuation of x-rays in matter to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —i = i0e–µx for the attenuation of x-rays in matter determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —i = i0e–µx for the attenuation of x-rays in matter to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —I = I0e–µx for the attenuation of X-rays in matter is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

understand that computed tomography (CT) scanning produces a 3D image of an internal structure by first combining multiple X-ray images taken in the same section from different angles to obtain a 2D image of the section, then repeating this process along an axis and combining 2D images of multiple sections.

Use —computed tomography (ct) scanning produces a 3d image of an internal to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —computed tomography (ct) scanning produces a 3d image of an internal determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —computed tomography (ct) scanning produces a 3d image of an internal to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Computed tomography (CT) scanning produces a 3D image of an internal is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.