Q BankQuestion BankDocsDocuments

8.2.3—In terms both of the Boltzmann distribution

Syllabus
9701–2028–2029
Objective
8.2.3
Level
AS

Temperature increases rate by increasing the fraction above activation energy

When temperature rises, the particles’ energy distribution changes so a larger fraction has energy at least Eₐ. This increases the number of successful collisions per second.

Temperature affects both collision frequency and the fraction energetic enough. It does not lower Eₐ unless a catalyst changes the pathway.

Two identical mixtures at 300 K and 320 K have the same Eₐ, but the 320 K distribution has a larger area beyond Eₐ and therefore a faster initial rate.

Do not draw a catalyst as shifting the whole distribution. A catalyst lowers Eₐ, leaving the temperature distribution itself unchanged.

ConceptA-Level CAIE Chemistry AS