2.3 Management

Management involves planning, organising, coordinating, directing and controlling resources. Managers translate objectives into work, allocate responsibility and monitor whether action is producing the intended result.

The balance changes with uncertainty, team capability and organisational structure. Effective management is a process of judgement, not just authority.

A manager launching a product sets milestones, assigns roles, checks quality and changes the plan when customer evidence contradicts the forecast.

A manager’s title does not guarantee leadership or good decisions; outcomes depend on behaviour, information and context.