2.2.1—Ecosystem sustenance
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2.2.2—First law of thermodynamics
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2.2.3—Energy and matter transformation
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2.2.4—Photosynthesis
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2.2.5—Producers
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2.2.6—Cellular respiration
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2.2.7—Heat generation
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2.2.8—Second law and energy loss
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2.2.9—Consumer energy sources
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2.2.10—Producers and food chains
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2.2.11—Food chains and trophic levels
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2.2.12—Food-chain energy losses
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2.2.13—Gross and net productivity
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2.2.14—Limits on trophic levels
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2.2.15—Food webs
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2.2.16—Biomass measurement
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2.2.17—Ecological pyramids
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2.2.18—Non-biodegradable pollutants
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2.2.19—Microplastics
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2.2.20—Human activity impacts
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2.2.21 (HL)—Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs
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2.2.22 (HL)—Photoautotrophs and chemoautotrophs
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2.2.23 (HL)—Primary productivity
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2.2.24 (HL)—Secondary productivity
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2.2.25 (HL)—NPP and food chains
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2.2.26 (HL)—Maximum sustainable yield
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2.2.27 (HL)—Lower trophic level yields
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2.2.28 (HL)—Ecological efficiency
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2.2.29 (HL)—Entropy in ecosystems
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