CAIE IGCSE Economics 5.3 Population Topic Practice

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Covered syllabus points

5.3.1—Factors that affect population growth5.3.2—The effects of changes in the size and structure of populations

Question 1

[Maximum number: 4]

The Central African country Chad has a triangle-shaped population pyramid and a high level of poverty. It regularly has an overall deficit on the current account of its balance of payments. Chad usually has a surplus on its secondary income. However, its trade in goods, trade in services and primary income are all usually in deficit. Some economists suggest that the Chadian Government should impose import quotas to reduce its trade in goods deficit.

Explain two influences on the shape of a country's population pyramid.

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

A country has a falling birth rate and a rising death rate, while an increasing number of its working age adults (16-60 years) are seeking employment abroad.

How is this likely to affect the numbers in the different age groups in the country?

under 16 years

16-60 years

over 60 years

fall

fall

fall

fall

rise

rise

rise

fall

rise

rise

rise

fall

Question 3

[Maximum number: 6]

In 2023, the Canadian Prime Minister said that his country's aim was to increase immigration to half a million a year. This was because the country was experiencing labour shortages and an increase in life expectancy. More workers in Canada would increase the tax revenue available to spend on pensions, and more workers would also increase consumer spending. An increase in the immigration of both skilled and unskilled workers might affect the country's car industry.

Question (a)

(a)

Identify two causes of an increase in life expectancy.

[ 2 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Explain two ways a firm could attract skilled workers from another country.

[ 4 ]
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