5.4.D—Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected bipolar disorders

Describe the symptoms and possible causes of selected bipolar disorders.

• Bipolar disorders are characterized by periods of mania and periods of depression. Bipolar cycling involves experiencing periods of depression and mania in alternating periods that can last various amounts of time. Selected disorders in scope for AP Psychology in this category are Bipolar I disorder and Bipolar II disorder.
• Possible causes of bipolar disorders focus on biological, genetic, social, cultural, behavioral, or cognitive sources.