C.3.8—Area under a graph

Interpret and calculate or estimate the physical significance of the area between a curve and the x-axis. A2 applications include energy stored under a capacitor voltage–charge graph.

Use c.3.8—area under a graph to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because c.3.8—area under a graph determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply c.3.8—area under a graph to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: C.3.8—Area under a graph is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.