4.4.101 - Energy stored by a capacitor

Use W = ½QV for capacitor energy, derive it from the area under a potential-difference–charge graph, and derive and use W = ½CV² and W = Q²/(2C).

Use - energy stored by a capacitor to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because - energy stored by a capacitor determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply - energy stored by a capacitor to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: - Energy stored by a capacitor is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.