4.3.4 - Poverty and inequality

The distinction between absolute and relative poverty.

Use a - distinction between absolute and relative poverty to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because a - distinction between absolute and relative poverty determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply a - distinction between absolute and relative poverty to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: a - distinction between absolute and relative poverty is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

Measures of absolute and relative poverty.

Use b - measures of absolute and relative poverty to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because b - measures of absolute and relative poverty determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply b - measures of absolute and relative poverty to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: b - Measures of absolute and relative poverty is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

Causes of changes in absolute and relative poverty:; economic growth; education and training; welfare benefits; changes in tax structure; structural changes in the economy; aid; civil wars and conflict.

Use c - causes of changes in absolute and relative poverty: • economic growth • education and to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because c - causes of changes in absolute and relative poverty: • economic growth • education and determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply c - causes of changes in absolute and relative poverty: • economic growth • education and to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: c - Causes of changes in absolute and relative poverty: • economic growth • education and is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

The distinction between wealth inequality and income inequality.

Use a - distinction between wealth inequality and income inequality to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because a - distinction between wealth inequality and income inequality determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply a - distinction between wealth inequality and income inequality to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: a - distinction between wealth inequality and income inequality is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

Measurements of inequality:; the Lorenz curve; the Gini coefficient.

Use b - measurements of inequality: • the lorenz curve • the gini coefficient to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because b - measurements of inequality: • the lorenz curve • the gini coefficient determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply b - measurements of inequality: • the lorenz curve • the gini coefficient to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: b - Measurements of inequality: • the Lorenz curve • the Gini coefficient is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

Causes of inequality in income and wealth within countries and between countries.

Use c - causes of inequality in income and wealth within countries and between countries to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because c - causes of inequality in income and wealth within countries and between countries determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply c - causes of inequality in income and wealth within countries and between countries to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: c - Causes of inequality in income and wealth within countries and between countries is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

The impact of inequality on:; enterprise; incentives; savings; education; migration; life expectancy.

Use d - impact of inequality on: • enterprise • incentives • savings • education • migration • to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because d - impact of inequality on: • enterprise • incentives • savings • education • migration • determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply d - impact of inequality on: • enterprise • incentives • savings • education • migration • to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: d - impact of inequality on: • enterprise • incentives • savings • education • migration • is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

The impact of economic change and development on inequality.

Use e - impact of economic change and development on inequality to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because e - impact of economic change and development on inequality determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply e - impact of economic change and development on inequality to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: e - impact of economic change and development on inequality is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.

The significance of the free market economy (capitalism) for inequality.

Use f - significance of the free market economy (capitalism) for inequality to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because f - significance of the free market economy (capitalism) for inequality determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply f - significance of the free market economy (capitalism) for inequality to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: f - significance of the free market economy (capitalism) for inequality is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.